What is ski-mountaineering?
Ski mountaineering, sometimes referred to as ski touring when practiced as a leisure activity, is the art of getting around mountains or high altitudes using skis to ascend and descend various routes. But how do you climb a slope on skis? Skis adapted for ski-mountaineering are used, with special bindings that leave the heel free when climbing, just like cross-country skis!
To avoid going backwards on the way up, the skier attaches "sealskins" to the underside of his skis, synthetic anti-backwards tapes. Once at the summit, the skier removes these skins, locks his heel and the descent resembles an off-piste skiing session, in an eternal quest for fresh snow.
It's the ideal way to get around in snowy, hilly regions. Thanks to the buoyancy of their skis, skiers avoid sinking into the snow, while still being able to navigate on terrain that can be very steep. The terrain suitable for this activity is vast, ranging from areas close to ski resorts to the world's highest peaks. In harmony with the environment, ski-alpinists leave behind only the fleeting traces of their passage through the snow.
Equipment, AMENITIES and safety: the rules of ski touring
Dress
Unlike alpine skiers, touring skiers opt for specific outfits to manage the climb and ensure their safety. With the winter cold and the physical demands of the climb, the choice is for breathable, roomy clothing, with a change of clothes if necessary.
Typically, the ski-mountaineer employs the three-layer system: a first breathable thermal layer, a second insulating layer such as a fleece, and finally a waterproof and windproof outer layer. In competition, clothing tends towards lighter, stretchable and often more expensive materials, with the possibility of customization, such as logos or colors.
Climbing equipment
Touring skis are similar to alpine skis, but lighter. Skis specifically designed for ski-mountaineering are even lighter, and more suitable for competitions. To avoid slipping during ascent, "sealskins" are used, formerly made from real seal fur, but nowadays mostly from mohair or synthetic materials.
The boots are more flexible than those for alpine skiing, with a disengageable heel for easier walking. Ski-mountaineering models are often made of lightweight carbon. Bindings vary from traditional alpine bindings to lightweight inset bindings and more minimalist competition models. For difficult terrain, knives can be added to prevent skidding.
A special rucksack to carry skis, an ice axe and crampons may be useful. To optimize glide and avoid snow accumulation, we recommend waxing skis and skins.
Equipment for the descent
The bindings lock into place to mimic the feel of alpine skiing. Although versatile, these skis can vibrate on hard snow. They often feature a notch for attaching sealskins and sometimes a hole for various mountain uses.
Security
Ski mountaineering requires a thorough knowledge of the terrain and weather conditions. It is essential to consult the weather and snow services before setting off. The weight of safety equipment also adds to the pack's load, reinforcing the sporty aspect of the activity.
We strongly recommend that you bring :
- orientation tools such as GPS, compass, altimeter and maps;
- weather and snow equipment;
- equipment for difficult terrain (ropes, ice axe, helmet, and sometimes a harness for certain competitions);
- the essential trio (avalanche transceiver, snow shovel and probe);
- means of communication ;
- a first-aid kit;
- tools for quick repairs (screwdrivers, pliers, Swiss army knife, etc.).
Ski-mountaineering races: the essentials
If you'd like to try your hand at ski-mountaineering, here are a few must-do races:
- The Alpi Ski Tour: a circuit of races organized each winter season by the various clubs, including two national championships for individuals and teams.
- The Vertical TransVanoise: France's only ski-mountaineering race on glaciers.
- The Pierra Menta: this race takes place every year in the Beaufortain massif, towards the eponymous summit.
- La Grande Trace: a wild and technical ski-mountaineering race in the Southern Alps. It's set in the heart of a unique mineral massif, Le Dévoluy.
